DNA sequencing
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How to Read a VCF File: A Practical Guide to Variant Call Format
Learn what every part of a VCF file means: header lines, the eight fixed columns, genotypes like 0/1, special alleles, common mistakes and a reproducible bcftools check.
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GRCh37 vs GRCh38 vs T2T-CHM13: Choosing a Human Reference Genome
Compare GRCh37, GRCh38, T2T-CHM13 and the human pangenome, understand reference-build mismatches, and choose compatible files for reproducible NGS analysis.
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FASTQ and Phred Quality Scores: A Practical NGS QC Guide
Understand FASTQ records, Phred Q20/Q30 scores, ASCII encoding, quality-score binning, and a reproducible FastQC/MultiQC checklist before NGS alignment.
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NGS Data Analysis on Windows with WSL2: A Practical Workflow
Set up a reproducible Linux environment for NGS analysis on Windows, keep large sequencing files in the fast WSL filesystem, and run a verified FASTQ quality-control workflow.
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10 Essential Molecular Biology Techniques You Need to Know
Learn essential molecular biology techniques, from PCR and gel electrophoresis to blotting, DNA sequencing and protein purification, and what each is used for.
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Current Trends in Molecular Biology and Genetics
Being a fascinating and constantly evolving field, with many new discoveries and developments emerging on a regular basis. In this article, I will explore some of the most…
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How does CRISPR Technology work? Introduction, Mechanism, Application, and Future of CRISPR Technology
CRISPR Technology: Revolutionizing Gene Editing for a Better Future Introduction CRISPR technology, an innovative gene-editing tool, has the potential to revolutionize various fields and reshape our world. Derived…
